3.8. 溶融塩炉の経済性(計算過程）
＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝ 以下は計算過程なので、関心のある方だけご覧下さい。＝＝＝＝＝＝＝
Table 1. Economic parameters (M$)
|
MSR |
PWR |
|
|
Direct costs |
||
|
Land and land rights |
5 |
5 |
|
Struct. & Improvements |
301 |
269 |
|
Reactor plant equip |
437 |
337 |
|
Turbine plant equip. |
243 |
274 |
|
Electric plant equip |
131 |
107 |
|
Misc. plant equip |
41 |
32 |
|
Main cond. heat reject. |
34 |
53 |
|
Total direct costs |
1,191 |
1,077 |
|
Indirect costs |
||
|
Construction services |
182 |
170 |
|
Home-office eng. Serv. |
129 |
129 |
|
Field-office eng & serv. |
82 |
73 |
|
Total indirect costs |
393 |
371 |
|
Total capital cost, M$ |
1584 |
1448 |
Table 2. Power Generation Cost (cent/kWh)
|
MSR |
PWR |
|
|
Capital cost |
2.01 |
2.07 |
|
O&M cost |
0.58 |
1.13 |
|
Fuel cost (* See below) |
0.12 |
0.66 |
|
Waste disposal cost |
0.10 |
0.10 |
|
Decommissioning cost |
0.04 |
0.07 |
|
Total cost (cent/kWh) |
2.85(-29%) |
4.03 |
(*) LLNL data (ref.2) is based on de-natured MSR, which uses U235 as fissile,
and its FCC was 1.11(cent/kWh) for MSR, and 0.74(cent/kWh) for PWR. Therefore,
FCC is revised by the author, using recent FUJI-12 data. Also, PWR data
is re-evaluated using recent data.
MSR (FUJI-233U) FCC Calculation (Front-end Fuel Cycle Cost)
|
Plant data for FUJI-233U |
Assumed 1Gwe MSR |
|
|
Electric power |
200 MWe |
1,000 MWe |
|
Thermal power |
450 MWt |
2,250 MWt |
|
Initial Th232 weight in ThF4 |
38.4 ton |
192 ton |
|
Initial U233 weight in UF4 |
0.80 ton |
4.0 ton |
|
Initial Li7 weight in LiF |
5.2 ton |
26.0 ton |
|
Initial Be weight in BeF2 |
1.5 ton |
7.5 ton |
|
Capacity factor |
90% |
90% |
|
Total U233 loading for 30 years operation |
0.755 ton (* see below) |
3.78 ton |
(*) 0.629tons at CF=0.75 is converted to CF=0.90 case.
2) Unit price dollar data
|
Thoria (ThO2) |
$15/LB |
=1978 price at ORNL report. |
|
Metallic Th |
$38/kgTh |
(=15 / 0.4536 / 0.88) |
|
U233 |
$33/gram. |
See below. |
|
Li7 |
$0.6/gram. |
=1978 price at ORNL report. |
|
Be |
$75/LB =$165/kg |
=1978 price at ORNL report. |
In the PWR calculation, U235 weight = 25t X 0.035 = 0.88 ton.
U235 value = (15.9+13.2)M$ / 0.88ton = $33/gram. This price is applied to U233 value.
1) Initial fuel
|
Thorium cost: |
192t X $38/kgTh / 1,000 = 7.3 M$ |
|
U233 cost: |
4.0t X $33/gram(:M$/ton) = 132.0 M$ |
|
Li7 |
26.0t X $0.6/gram(:M$/ton) =15.6 M$ |
|
Be |
7.5t X $165/kg / 1,000 =1.2 M$ |
|
Total |
156.1 M$. |
2) Reload fuel /year
|
Thorium cost: |
0.74t/y (*) X $38/kgTh / 1,000 = 0.03 M$/y |
|
U233 cost: |
0.125t/y X $33/gram(:M$/ton) = 4.13 M$ |
|
Total |
4.16 M$/y. |
(*) Using a rule-of-thumb of “1 gram fission” =1MWD, 2333Mwt X 365d X 0.90 / 1.0E6 = 0.74 ton/year.
|
Total fuel cost for 30 years operation |
(156.1 + 4.16 X 30y) X 1.0E8 = 0.281E11 cents. |
|
Total power generation for 30 years Operation |
1,000,000 kW X 24hr X 365d X 0.90 X 30y = 2.36E11 kWh |
|
MSR FCC |
0.12 cent/kWh |
Annual escalation and the interest rate are not included, and Fuel Cost is simply summed.
PWR FCC Calculation (Front-end Fuel Cycle Cost)
1) Plant data (year 2000 data)
|
Electric power |
1,000 MWe |
|
Thermal power |
3,000 MWt |
|
Specific power |
39.0 kW/Kg |
|
Core weight (heavy metal) |
77 ton |
|
Fuel enrichment |
3.5 wt% |
|
Discharge burn-up |
35,000 MWd/t |
|
Cycle loading for 15 months cycle |
31.2 tonU/cycle |
|
Capacity factor |
80 % |
|
Averaged annual loading (heavy metal) |
25.0 tonU/y |
2) Unit price dollar data
|
Yellow cake (U3O8) |
$35/LB |
=1978 price at ORNL report. |
|
Metallic U |
$91/kgU |
(=35 / 0.4536 / 0.85) |
|
SWU |
$110/kgU |
=2004 price. |
|
Fabrication |
$500/kgU |
Assumed price for recent manufacturing. |
Assuming 0.25% tail enrichment, and or 3.5% enrichment for both initial fuel and reload fuel.
1) Initial fuel
|
Feed component cost: |
77t X (Feed Component =7.0) X $91/kgU / 1,000 = 49.0 M$ |
|
SWU cost: |
77t X (SWU=4.8) X $110/kgU / 1,000 = 40.7 M$ |
|
Fabrication cost: |
77t X $500/kgU / 1,000 = 38.5 M$ |
|
Total |
128.2 M$. |
2) Reload fuel /year
|
Feed component cost: |
25.0t/y X (Feed Component =7.0) X $91/kgU / 1,000 = 15.9 M$/y |
|
SWU cost: |
25.0t/y X (SWU=4.8) X $110/kgU / 1,000 = 13.2 M$ |
|
Fabrication cost: |
25.0t/y X $500/kgU / 1,000 = 12.5 M$ |
|
Total |
41.6 M$/y. |
|
Total fuel cost for 30 years operation |
(128.2M$ + 41.6M$ X 30 ) X 1.0E8 = 1.38E11 cents. |
|
Total power generation for 30 years Operation |
1,000,000 kW X 24hr X 365d X 0.80 X 30y= 2.10E11 kWh |
|
PWR FCC |
0.66 cent/kWh |
Annual escalation and the interest rate are not included, and Fuel Cost is simply summed.
1999年１２月の総合エネルギー調査会第７０回原子力部会におけるモデル試算
（経済産業省ホームページhttp://www.enecho.meti.go.jp/faq/electric/q04.htm）
によると、下記の通りであり、今回の計算は、軽水炉についてはほぼ妥当であることが分かる。
| LWR （METI試算） |
PWR |
|
|
資本費（セント/KWH、以下同じ） |
2.3円／kWh |
2.07円／kWh |
|
運転保守費 |
1.9 |
1.13 |
|
燃料サイクル費 |
0.74 |
0.66 |
| 再処理費 | (0,63) | NA |
|
廃棄物処理費 |
0.25 |
0.10 |
|
解体費 |
0.07円／kWh |
0.07 |
|
合計発電コスト(再処理費除く） |
5.26円／kWh |
4.03円／kWh |
| SEO | [PR] 爆速!無料ブログ 無料ホームページ開設 無料ライブ放送 | ||
